Hypokalemia
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«Hypokalemia, also spelled hypokalaemia, is a low level of potassium (K+) in the blood serum.[1] Mildly low levels do not typically cause symptoms.[3] Symptoms may include feeling tired, leg cramps, weakness, and constipation.[1] It increases the risk of an abnormal heart rhythm, which is often too slow, and can cause cardiac arrest.[1][3]
Causes of hypokalemia include vomiting, diarrhea, medications like furosemide and steroids, dialysis, diabetes insipidus, hyperaldosteronism, hypomagnesemia, and not enough intake in the diet.[1] Normal potassium levels are between 3.5 and 5.0 mmol/L (3.5 and 5.0 mEq/L) with levels below 3.5 mmol/L defined as hypokalemia.[1][2] It is classified as severe when levels are less than 2.5 mmol/L.[1] Low levels can also be detected on an electrocardiogram (ECG).[1]Hyperkalemia refers to a high level of potassium in the blood serum.[1]
The speed at which potassium should be replaced depends on whether or not there are symptoms or abnormalities on an electrocardiogram.[1] Potassium levels that are only slightly below the normal range can be managed with changes in the diet.[3] Lower levels of potassium require replacement with supplements either taken by mouth or given intravenously.[3] If given intravenously, potassium is generally replaced at rates of less than 20 mmol/hour.[1] Solutions containing high concentrations of potassium (>40 mmol/L) should generally be given using a central venous catheter.[3]Magnesium replacement may also be required.[1]
Hypokalemia is one of the most common water–electrolyte imbalances.[4] It affects about 20% of people admitted to hospital.[4] The word "hypokalemia" is from hypo- means "under"; kalium meaning potassium, and -emia means "condition of the blood".[5]» (wikipedia)
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Biolinks for Hypokalemia are extracted by users from 3 related publications.-
2020Cohort
- Organism: Humans — Not Healthy
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2014
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2020Cohort
- Organism: Humans
- Strong Magnitude of Effect.
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