Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha
TNF-α
cytokine
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«Tumor necrosis factor is a cell signaling protein (cytokine) involved in systemic inflammation and is one of the cytokines that make up the acute phase reaction. It is produced chiefly by activated macrophage, although it can be produced by many other cell types such as CD4+ lymphocytes, NK cell, neutrophils, mast cell, eosinophils, and neurons.
The primary role of TNF is in the regulation of immune cell. TNF, being an endogenouspyrogen, is able to induce fever, apoptotic cell death, cachexia, inflammation and to inhibit tumorigenesis and viral replication and respond to sepsis via IL1 & IL6 producing cell. Dysregulation of TNF production has been implicated in a variety of human diseases including Alzheimer's disease, cancer, major depression, psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Though controversial, studies of depression and IBD are currently being linked to TNF levels. Recombinant TNF is used as an immunostimulant under the INN tasonermin. TNF can be produced ectopically in the setting of malignancy and parallels parathyroid hormone both in causing secondary hypercalcemia and in the cancer with which excessive production is associated.» (wikipedia)
Summary on TNF-α
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Lowering of TNF-α
Pathways of TNF-α
Evidence Sources
Biolinks for TNF-α are extracted by users from 63 related publications.-
2007Publications Review
- Organism: Humans
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2008Non-human Cells
- Organism: In vitro
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2008Human Cells
- Organism: In vitro
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2011Human Cells
- Organism: In vitro
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2012Human Cells
- Organism: In vitro
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2012Publications Review
- Organism: Humans
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2014Meta-Analysis
- Organism: Humans
- Strong Magnitude of Effect.
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2016Rodents
- Organism: Mouse / Rat (Rodents)
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2016Rodents
- Organism: Mouse / Rat (Rodents)
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2016Publications Review
- Organism: Mixed Organisms
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2017Human Cells
- Organism: In vitro
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2018Rodents
- Organism: Mouse / Rat (Rodents)
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2018Rodents
- Organism: Mouse / Rat (Rodents)
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2018Rodents
- Organism: Mouse / Rat (Rodents)
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2018Rodents
- Organism: Mouse / Rat (Rodents)
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2019Cohort
- Organism: Humans
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2019RCT
- Organism: Humans
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2019Human Cells
- Organism: In vitro
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2019Meta-Analysis
- Organism: Humans
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2019Rodents
- Organism: Mouse / Rat (Rodents)
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2019Human Cells
- Organism: In vitro
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2020Rodents
- Organism: Mouse / Rat (Rodents)
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2020Publications Review
- Organism: Mixed Organisms
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2020Rodents
- Organism: Mouse / Rat (Rodents)
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2020Publications Review
- Organism: Humans
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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1996Publications Review
- Organism: Humans
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2020Rodents
- Organism: Mouse / Rat (Rodents)
- Strong Magnitude of Effect.
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2003Rodents
- Organism: Mouse / Rat (Rodents)
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2011
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2011Cohort
- Organism: Humans
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2013Rodents
- Condition: «mice were fed a high-fat diet to generate obesity-induced type 2 diabetes mice»
- Organism: Mouse / Rat (Rodents)
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2014Human Cells
- Organism: In vitro
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2015
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2015Cohort
- Organism: Humans
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2015Systematic Review
- Organism: Humans
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2017
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2018Cohort
- Organism: Humans
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2018Systematic Review
- Organism: Humans
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2019Cohort
- Organism: Humans
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2019
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1999
- Organism: In vitro
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2001
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2005Cohort
- Organism: Humans
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2006RCT
- Dose: 1500 mg
- Condition: Metabolic syndrome
- Organism: Humans
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2006Systematic Review
- Organism: Humans
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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2006Rodents
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2012
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2013
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2015RCT
- Organism: Humans — Not Healthy
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2017
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2017Human Cells
- Organism: In vitro
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2017
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2017
- Organism: Humans
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2018Rodents
- Organism: Mouse / Rat (Rodents)
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2018
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2018
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2018RCT
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2020RCT
- Organism: Humans — Not Healthy
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1995
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2017Systematic Review
- Organism: Mixed Organisms
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2019RCT
- Condition: in middle-aged adults (30 to 60 yr old)
- Organism: Humans
- Notable Magnitude of Effect.
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- There are 63 Evidences supporting 49 TNF-α Biolinks
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