How fungi steal zinc from your body - Scientific American Blog Network

What the researchers found was that fungi next to human cells were growing faster and longer hyphae than those growing alone. Furthermore, this growth effect could be replicated by adding a zinc supplement to the lonely cells. From this primary observation they explored further, injecting the human cells with a dye that specifically colours zinc (zinquin - which actually adds a fluorescent label to the zinc). When tested, some of the dye was found inside the newly grown hyphae. The fungi seemed to be picking the zinc up from the human cells.

Витамины и продолжительность жизни — Остановить старение человека

«Пожизненное употребление некоторых витаминов помогает предупредить рак, болезни сердца и увеличить продолжительность жизни человека»

Commentary on Nutritional Treatment of Mental Disorders | A Guide to Alternative Mental Health

Another effective way to combat candida is using zinc therapy. Candida is killed by metallothionein (MT) proteins which are normally in high concentration in intestinal mucosa. MT is induced by zinc. Many persons with candida are low zinc and low MT persons. They usually exhibit low zinc in plasma, serum, or packed cells, but high zinc in hair. You can expect chronic candida problems until zinc is normalized. In a sense, zinc can be an effective weapon in your anti-candida arsenal. Typical anti-candida therapies (including dietary restrictions) can manage the problem for a while……. Maintenance supplementation with zinc (after these interventions) can permanently fix the problem, in many cases, without the need to continue dietary vigilance. (Feb 5, 2003)

2010 Zinc bioavailability and homeostasis

«Zinc has earned recognition recently as a micronutrient of outstanding and diverse biological, clinical, and global public health importance. Regulation of absorption by zinc transporters in the enterocyte, together with saturation kinetics of the absorption process into and across the enterocyte, are the principal means by which whole-body zinc homeostasis is maintained. Several physiologic factors, most notably the quantity of zinc ingested, determine the quantity of zinc absorbed and the efficiency of absorption. Other factors are age and the time over which zinc is ingested. Zinc from supplements has not been shown to be absorbed differently from that taken with meals that lack inhibitors of zinc absorption. The principal dietary factor known to impair zinc bioavailability is inositol hexa- (and penta-) phosphate or phytate. Modeling of zinc absorption as a function of dietary zinc and phytate accounts for >80% of the variability in the quantity of zinc absorbed. Fitting the model to new data has resulted in continual improvement in parameter estimates, which currently indicate a maximal absorption in adults of ≈6 mg Zn/d and that the average estimated dietary requirement doubles with 1000 mg dietary phytate/d. Intestinal excretion of endogenous zinc is regulated in response to recent absorption and to zinc status. The quantitative relation of intestinal excretion of endogenous zinc to zinc absorption is currently considered to be of major importance in the determination of zinc requirements. The effects of phytate on intestinal losses of endogenous zinc merit further investigation but are probably not of the same magnitude as its inhibitory effects on absorption of exogenous zinc.»

2000 Dietary factors influencing zinc absorption.

«Marginal zinc deficiency and suboptimal zinc status have been recognized in many groups of the population in both less developed and industrialized countries. Although the cause in some cases may be inadequate dietary intake of zinc, inhibitors of zinc absorption are most likely the most common causative factor. Phytate, which is present in staple foods like cereals, corn and rice, has a strong negative effect on zinc absorption from composite meals. Inositol hexaphosphates and pentaphosphates are the phytate forms that exert these negative effects, whereas the lower phosphate have no or little effect on zinc absorption. The removal or reduction of phytate by enzyme (phytase) treatment, precipitation methods, germination, fermentation or plant breeding/genetic engineering markedly improves zinc absorption. Iron can have a negative effect on zinc absorption, if given together in a supplement, whereas no effect is observed when the same amounts are present in a meal as fortificants. Cadmium, which is increasing in the environment, also inhibits zinc absorption. The amount of protein in a meal has a positive effect on zinc absorption, but individual proteins may act differently; e.g., casein has a modest inhibitory effect of zinc absorption compared with other protein sources. Amino acids, such as histidine and methionine, and other low-molecular-weight ions, such as EDTA and organic acids (e.g., citrate), are known to have a positive effect on zinc absorption and have been used for zinc supplements. Knowledge about dietary factors that inhibit zinc absorption and about ways to overcome or remove these factors is essential when designing strategies to improve the zinc nutrition of vulnerable groups.»

1992 Dietary L-lysine and calcium metabolism in humans.

results suggest that L-lysine can both enhance intestinal Ca absorption and improve the renal conservation of the absorbed Ca. The combined effects may contribute to a positive Ca balance, thus suggesting a potential usefulness of L-lysine supplements for both preventive and therapeutic interventions in osteoporosis.

2012 Candida albicans scavenges host zinc via Pra1 during endothelial invasion.

2012 Vitamin MK-7 enhances vitamin D3-induced osteogenesis in hMSCs: modulation of key effectors in mineralization and vascularization.

«The osteoblast is the bone-forming cell and is derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Osteo-inductive substances could represent a useful therapeutic approach during the fracture repair process. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of vitamin MK-7, alone or in association with vitamin D3, in differentiating human MSCs (hMSCs) in vitro along the osteoblastic lineage. In particular, primary endpoints of the study include gene and protein markers of osteoblast differentiation. Considering genes involved in bone formation and mineralization, our data show that vitamin MK-7 enhances vitamin D3 gene induction of osteocalcin (OC). Among genes related to cell growth and differentiation, a specific effect of vitamin MK-7 was observed for growth differentiation factor-10 (GDF10) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), the latter being also involved in the induction of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFA). Accordingly, vitamin co-supplementation greatly affected VEGFA and its receptor fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1), a key factor in both angiogenic and osteogenic processes. These results stress the relevance of MK-7 and D3 co-supplementation in the bone-healing process as able to modulate the expression of genes involved in both mineralization and angiogenesis. Moreover, at the protein level co-association of vitamins might provide an optimal balance between induction and carboxylation of osteocalcin, essential for its functionality in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Our results may provide hints for therapeutic application of hMSCs in bone disease, clarifying mechanisms involved in stem cell-mediated bone development, and they also highlight the relevance of co-supplementation strategies, since single supplementations might result in a suboptimal effect.»

2017 Inositol hexa phosphoric acid (phytic acid), a nutraceuticals, attenuates iron-induced oxidative stress and alleviates liver injury in iron overloa...

«Inositol hexa phosphoric acid (IP6) or Phytic acid, a natural antioxidant of some leguminous plants, known to act as a protective agent for seed storage in plants by suppressing iron catalyzed oxidative process. Following the same mechanism, we have tested the effect of IP6 on iron overload in vitro oxidative stress, and studied it's in vivo hepatoprotective ability in iron-dextran (injection)-induced iron overload liver injury in mice (intraperitoneal). Our results showed that IP6 had in vitro iron chelation (IC₅₀ 38.4μg/ml) activity, with the inhibition of iron-induced lipid peroxidation (IC₅₀ 552μg/ml), and deoxyribose sugar degrading hydroxyl radicals (IC₅₀ 448.6μg/ml). Oral administration of IP6 (0-200mg/kg) revealed significant decrease in biochemical markers such as serum iron, total iron binding, serum ferritin and serum enzymes. Histopathology of liver stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Prussian blue showed reduced hepatocellular necrosis, ballooning and inflammation, indicating the restoration of normal cellular integrity. Interestingly, the IP6 was found to down-regulate the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, Interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 in iron overload liver tissues. Thus, we provide an insight that IP6, a natural food component, can serve as an iron chelator against iron overload diseases like Thalassemia, and also as a dietary hepatoprotective supplement.»

2017 Calcium and vitamin D in human health: Hype or real?

Vitamin D is essential for gastrointestinal calcium absorption, mineralization of osteoid tissue and maintenance of serum ionized calcium level

2019 Monthly high-dose vitamin D supplementation does not increase kidney stone risk or serum calcium: results from a randomized controlled trial.

«RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 3.3 y, 158 participants reported a kidney stone event (76 vitamin D, 82 placebo). The HR of reporting the first kidney stone event was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.66, 1.23; P = 0.51) for participants in the vitamin D arm compared with the placebo arm. There were 18 urolithiasis events in the hospitalization records: 7 in the vitamin D arm and 11 from the placebo arm. The HR to the first hospitalization urolithiasis event was 0.62 (95% CI: 0.24, 1.26; P = 0.30) in the vitamin D arm compared with the placebo arm. From the subsample annual blood test, there was no case of hypercalcemia in the vitamin D arm, compared with 1 in the placebo arm.

CONCLUSION: Over a median of 3.3 y, monthly supplementation with 100,000 IU vitamin D3 did not affect the incidence rate of kidney stone events, or hypercalcemia. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as ACTRN12611000402943.»

1986 Competitive interaction of iron and zinc in the diet: consequences for human nutrition.

The interaction of iron and zinc and competitive inhibition of zinc uptake by excess iron in Fe/Zn ratios of 2:1 or greater, when the total amount of ionic species is greater than 25 mg, appear to have a measurable effect on human zinc nutriture.

1998 Effects of copper and zinc ions on the germicidal properties of two popular pharmaceutical antiseptic agents cetylpyridinium chloride and povidone-...

Zinc increased antimicrobial effect, including against candida, when given with antimicrobial agents.

"The effects of copper and zinc ions on the rate of killing of Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and fungal yeast Candida albicans by antiseptic agents cetylpyridinium chloride and povidone-iodine (Betadine) were investigated. In the 48 test cases copper and zinc ions clearly potentiated the antiseptic agents in 28 (58.3%) cases and exhibited an improved (not clear potentiation) activity in 15 (31.3%) cases. In five (10.4%) cases there was no change in the antiseptics' antimicrobial activity. In general zinc potentiated the antiseptic agents more than copper. If an 'improved activity' was the only criterion for this study, then a more rapid antimicrobial effect was observed in 43 out of the 48 test cases, i.e., 90%."

1998 Iron and zinc interactions in humans.

This could occur if iron supplements are taken with a meal, and iron experts recommend that iron supplements be taken between meals.

All About Testosterone - Selfhacked

Testosterone is the male sex hormone. It serves a variety of functions in the body in both males and females.

Zinc in The Candida Diet (Many hypotheses)

This is a good link for further research